车网互动技术的用户接受度分析与对策建议

User acceptance analysis and strategy recommendations for vehicle-to-grid technology

中文关键词: 电动汽车  车网互动  用户接受度  对策建议

英文关键词: electric vehicle  V2G  user acceptance  strategy recommendation

中文摘要:

      车网互动（vehicle-to-grid，V2G）技术能够充分发挥电动汽车（electric vehicle，EV）在交通与电力系统减排增效的潜力。但是，V2G技术的有效实施取决于大众对该技术的接受意愿，如何按需推动V2G技术的有效部署与运营，仍存在一定的研究空白。为全面分析用户对V2G技术的接受度，基于技术接受和使用的统一理论建立了考虑EV充放电场景的概念模型，并提出了相应的假设。通过问卷调研收集了855份有效问卷，包含428名EV用户和427名有意向购买EV的潜在用户。基于结构方程模型，首先对总样本进行了分析，结果表明感知效用对受访者的接受度影响最大，社群对受访者感知的利他主义影响较大；然后，对比分析了两类受访者对V2G技术接受度的差异，结果表明，感知效用与利他主义对EV用户是否参与充放电的影响较大；而潜在EV用户则更关心激励条件与技术的可靠性。最后，提出了推动V2G技术市场用户接受度的建议，为V2G技术的推广与部署以及交通与电力系统评估该技术的影响力提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Vehicle-to-grid（V2G）technology can fully realize the potential of electric vehicles（EVs）to reduce carbon emissions and increase efficiency in transportation and power systems. However, the effective implementation of V2G technology depends on the public’s willingness to accept the technology, and there are still some research gaps on how to effectively promote the deployment and operation of V2G technology on demand side. In order to comprehensively analyze users’acceptance of V2G technology, considering charging and discharging scenarios, a conceptual framework on the basis of the unified theory of acceptance and use technology model is proposed, and hypotheses are proposed correspondingly. Through questionnaire survey, 855 valid questionnaires are collected, including 428 EV owners and 427 potential EV owners interested in purchasing EV. Based on the structural equation model, the total sample is analyzed, and the results show that perceived utility had the greatest impact on respondents’acceptance, and community had a significant influence on respondents perceived altruism. Then, the differences between the two types of respondents are compared and analyzed. The results show that perceived utility and altruism important for EV users to participate in charging and discharging. While potential EV owners are more concerned about incentive conditions and technical reliability. Finally, suggestions are put forward to improve the acceptance of EV users to participate in orderly charge-discharge scheduling policies, which can provide references for the transportation and power systems to deploy and evaluate the impact of V2G technology.